Fig. 4Â

scRNA-seq analysis of control and Vha68-3 KO testes. A UMAP visualization of somatic and germline cell populations. B UMAP plot of testicular cells colored by sample. C UMAP plot of testicular cells colored by identified clusters. D Dot plot showing marker gene expression, with dot size indicating gene expression proportion and color intensity representing average expression levels. E UMAP visualization of representative marker genes