Fig. 3 

Vha68-3 deletion induces age-dependent mitochondrial defects in elongated spermatids. A Staining for Vha68-3 (green) and Lyso-Tracker (red) in 2-day-old control testes; white arrows indicate elongated spermatids. B Immunostaining for ATP5A (green) in control and Vha68-3 KO testes at 2 and 40 days. C Immunostaining for Tom20 (red) in control and Vha68-3 KO testes at 2 and 40 days. D TEM analysis of elongated spermatids in control and Vha68-3 KO testes at 2 and 40 days. Red circles mark axonemes; green and orange arrows indicate major and minor mitochondrial derivatives, respectively. DNA stained with Hoechst 33342; scale bar: 50 μm for immunostainings, 1 μm for TEM images