Fig. 5

Effects of Cdkn1a silencing on ceramide-induced myoblast senescence and cell death. A, B Cdkn1a silencing significantly inhibited ceramide-induced myoblast senescence (n = 3). Asterisks indicate senescent myoblasts. C, D siRNA treatment dramatically inhibited the expression of p21, but not p53 or p16 expression (n = 3). E, F Cdkn1a silencing had no significant effect on the levels of proteins involved in myogenesis or muscle atrophy. However, Cdkn1a silencing significantly augmented ceramide-induced upregulation of apoptosis-related proteins, including cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP (n = 3–5). G Cdkn1a silencing had no significant effect on the expression of protein synthesis pathways (n = 3–4). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 by unpaired t-test