Fig. 2
From: Insights into the roles of macrophages in Klebsiella pneumoniae infections: a comprehensive review
Macrophage polarization and metabolism in Klebsiella pneumonia infections. A M(Kp): a newly identified M2-like state following KP infection, characterized by upregulation of anti-inflammatory markers (Arg1, Fizz1, iNOS, CD163, and CD206) via STAT6 activation. B Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages infected with KP include enhanced glycolysis and the activation of the immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1)–itaconate anti-inflammatory pathway, a hallmark of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) rearrangement. Image created with BioRender.com, with permission