Fig. 5

AFM force spectroscopy of specific interactions of LDL or oxLDL with LDL receptor (LDLR) or CD36 (a type of scavenger receptors) under various acidic conditions. A Specific interactions between LDL/oxLDL and LDLR. B Specific interactions between LDL/oxLDL and CD36. (n = 200 interactions in each group from three independent experiments; ^*p < 0.05 and ^**p < 0.01 compared oxLDL with LDL; ^#p < 0.05 and ^##p < 0.01 compared with the pH 7.4 groups). All AFM force spectroscopic experiments were performed in PBS buffer at different pH values