Fig. 5

N-glycan expression significantly decreases in the ventral horn of the SNL spinal cord following SNL. A ROI of ventral horn. B–I Hierarchical clustering heatmap, PLS-DA plot, volcano plot, and MALDI mass spectrometry images with intensity plot of the ipsilateral (B–E) and contralateral (F–I) ventral horn. The correlation of the top 25 N-glycans detected in three samples from sham (green) and SNL (red) groups is shown and presented in the hierarchical clustering heatmap (H: hexose, N: N-acetylglucosamine, and F: fucose). PLS-DA plot of N-glycans of sham and SNL groups with 95% confidence region. In the volcano plot, blue dots indicated N-glycans significantly decreased in SNL group compared with sham group (p < 0.05). Representative MALDI mass spectrometry images and intensity plots of N-glycans reveal significant differences between sham and SNL groups (unpaired t-test, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, error bar: SEM). J–M Volcano plots and MALDI mass spectrometry images with intensity plots of the ipsilateral (Ipsi, orange) and contralateral (Contra, blue) ventral horn of the spinal cord within either sham (J, K) or SNL (L, M) groups. In the volcano plots, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Representative MALDI mass spectrometry images and intensity plots of N-glycans show significant differences between ipsi and contra sides within each group (paired t-test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, error bar: SEM). Data are representative of n = 3 independent experiments. Scale bars = 1 mm