Fig. 1

LIMA1 is upregulated in lipotoxic hepatocyte and lipotoxic hepatocyte-derived sEV. A Immunohistochemistry of LIMA1 and α-SMA in livers from HFD mice at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Scale bar = 100 μm, (n = 6 mice per group). B Western blot of LIMA1, α-SMA and COL1A1 in livers from HFD mice, (n = 6 mice per group). C qRT-PCR of LIMA1 mRNA in livers from NCD and HFD mice at 12 weeks, (n = 6 mice per group). D Oil Red O and Nile Red staining of intracellular lipid droplets in OPA treated L02 cells at 0, 8, 16, and 24 h. Scale bar = 50 μm. E Western blot of LIMA1 in OPA treated cells. F qRT-PCR of LIMA1 mRNA expression in OPA treated L02 cells. G TEM of sEV isolated from normal L02 cells (L02-sEV) and OPA-treated L02 cells (LTH-sEV). Scale bar = 100 nm. H Western blot of sEV markers CD9, CD63, TSG101 and endoplasmic reticulum marker Calnexin in LTH-sEV. I Western blot of LIMA1 and CD63 in LTH-sEV and L02-sEV. J The size and concentration of LTH-sEV were determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis. K The concentration of LTH-sEV after OPA treatment of L02 for different times. L Size distribution of LTH-sEV after OPA treatment of L02 for different times. All data were expressed as the means ± SD of at least 3 independent experiments, ns: no significance; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001