Fig. 8

Overexpression of G6PD exacerbates neointimal hyperplasia by decreasing VSMC apoptosis. A Representative cross-sections and quantification of G6PD levels following IF staining after ligation surgery of the carotid artery for 14 days. Scale bar = 100 µm. B Immunofluorescence of mCherry after 14 days of in situ delivery of Ad-Null or Ad-G6PD into ligated mouse common carotid arteries. Scale bar = 100 µm. C Hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained cross-sections were obtained, and the intimal/media ratio was measured 14 days after carotid ligation surgery. Scale bar = 100 µm. D Immunofluorescence and quantification of cleaved caspase 3 levels after 14 days of in situ delivery of Ad-Null or Ad-G6PD into ligated mouse common carotid arteries. Scale bar = 100 µm. E Immunofluorescence and quantification of cleaved caspase 9 levels after 14 days of in situ delivery of Ad-Null or Ad-G6PD into ligated mouse common carotid arteries. Scale bar = 100 µm. F Immunofluorescence and quantification of PCNA levels after 14 days of in situ delivery of Ad-Null or Ad-G6PD into ligated mouse common carotid arteries. Scale bar = 100 µm. G Immunofluorescence and quantification of TUNEL-positive cells after 14 days of in situ delivery of Ad-Null or Ad-G6PD into ligated mouse common carotid arteries. Scale bar = 100 µm. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM; n ≥ 5. Statistical significance was determined using two-tailed Student’s t tests (A, D–F) and one-way ANOVA (C). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ns, not significant